The Axim is a USB DEVICE, as are the other peripherals you referred to. They can only connect to a USB HOST, such as a PC. The protocol for USB requires that there be one and only one HOST, but allows multiple DEVICEs. So, in a word, no, you cannot use those USB devices natively.
That said, there is a CF Card that is supposed to provide USB Host capability.
Here is the link to the manufacturer. I have no idea whether or not this card actually works.